In previous, we know the atom lost the free electrons constitutes an electric current that transfer from one atom to the next is flow along a conductor as known copper,aluminium etc.
A closed circuit allows an uninterrupted flow of electrons from the source of power, through the conductor or wire, to the load and source of power.The basic circuit parameters, voltage, current, power, and resistance are interrelated.
In this image the power source battery, due to potential difference between positive charge (protons) and negative charge (electrons) direction of the current flow towards more potential to less potential and bulb glow when circuit is closed.
1. VOLTAGE
Voltage is the pressure from an electrical circuit's act as a power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting such as wire loop, enabling them to do work such as illuminating a light.We can also says voltage is the difference in electric potential between two places. It is measured in volts (V) also called electromotive force(EMF).
2.CURRENT
Electric current in simple terms are electrons in motion along a conductor path such as copper, silver and aluminium , regardless of the number of electrons flowing. Free electrons can be forced to move from one region of the conductor to the other.It is measured in Ampere (A).
3.RESISTANCE
Resistance is the difficulty that electrons face as they flow inside a conductor (wire). A thin wire means that the electrons have little space to flow means resistance is more.In a thicker wire, there is more space for the electrons to move means resistance is less.It is measured in Ohm .(Ω).
We can easily understand water analogy voltage, current and resistance.
Voltage (Pressure),Water (Charge),
Flow( Current)
The water in the tank represents electric charge. The more water in there, the more the charge. Voltage is like pressure. The more the water, the higher the pressure (voltage) at the end of the pipe.
In the diagram (A) above, there is voltage but no current, because the tap is closed and the water is not flowing also tap not open means resistance. This means there can be voltage without current, but no current without voltage.
In the diagram (B) above, the tap is opened means no resistance and water flows there is both voltage and current because there is a flow.
A closed circuit allows an uninterrupted flow of electrons from the source of power, through the conductor or wire, to the load and source of power.The basic circuit parameters, voltage, current, power, and resistance are interrelated.
In this image the power source battery, due to potential difference between positive charge (protons) and negative charge (electrons) direction of the current flow towards more potential to less potential and bulb glow when circuit is closed.
1. VOLTAGE
Voltage is the pressure from an electrical circuit's act as a power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting such as wire loop, enabling them to do work such as illuminating a light.We can also says voltage is the difference in electric potential between two places. It is measured in volts (V) also called electromotive force(EMF).
2.CURRENT
Electric current in simple terms are electrons in motion along a conductor path such as copper, silver and aluminium , regardless of the number of electrons flowing. Free electrons can be forced to move from one region of the conductor to the other.It is measured in Ampere (A).
3.RESISTANCE
Resistance is the difficulty that electrons face as they flow inside a conductor (wire). A thin wire means that the electrons have little space to flow means resistance is more.In a thicker wire, there is more space for the electrons to move means resistance is less.It is measured in Ohm .(Ω).
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| A B |
Voltage (Pressure),Water (Charge),
Flow( Current)
The water in the tank represents electric charge. The more water in there, the more the charge. Voltage is like pressure. The more the water, the higher the pressure (voltage) at the end of the pipe.
In the diagram (A) above, there is voltage but no current, because the tap is closed and the water is not flowing also tap not open means resistance. This means there can be voltage without current, but no current without voltage.
In the diagram (B) above, the tap is opened means no resistance and water flows there is both voltage and current because there is a flow.
The relation between voltage,current and resistance is define by German physicist George Ohm applicable for DC circuit according to ohms law if you increase the voltage through a circuit whose resistance is fixed, the current goes up i.e.for a given resistance, current is directly proportional to voltage.
Voltage= Current× Resistance. V= I×R. V= voltage(Volt), I= current (Ampere) and R= resistance(Ohm).
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| Ohm law (V=I x R) |
Explained in a very lucid manner
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